Conditional Sentences There are 3 kinds of conditional sentences.
Type 1 – Action in the ‘if clause’ is likely to take place. ( ผู้พูดเชื่อว่า จะเกิดขึ้นจริงในอนาคต ) “if + simple present, will + V.1” A: If I learn, I’ll pass the exam. N: If I learn, I won’t fail the exam. N: If I don’t learn, I will fail the exam. N: If I don’t learn, I won’t pass the exam.
Type 2 – Action in the ‘if clause’ is not likely to take place. ( ขัดแย้งกับ ความจริงในปัจจุบัน - Present Unreal) “if + simple past, would + V.1” A: If I learnt, I would pass the exam. N: If I learnt, I wouldn’t fail the exam. N: If I didn’t learn, I would fail the exam. N: If I didn’t learn, I wouldn’t pass the exam.
Type 3 – Action in the ‘if clause’ can impossibly take place (it’s too late now). ( เงื่อนไขที่ขัดแย้งกับความจริงใน อดีต ) “if + past perfect, would + have + V.3” A: If I had learnt, I would have passed the exam. N: If I had learnt, I wouldn’t have failed the exam. N: If I hadn’t learnt, I would have failed the exam. N: If I hadn’t learnt, I wouldn’t have passed the exam.