Lesson Plan Cherdsak Iramaneerat Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University

แผนการสอน รายวิชา เรื่อง วัน เวลา สถานที่ ผู้สอน ผู้เรียน จุดประสงค์การเรียนรู้ การจัดประสบการณ์การเรียนรู้ สื่อการศึกษา การประเมินผล Lesson Plan

Motivational Instruction Keller (1983, 1984) proposed four conditions for motivation that must be met to have a motivated learner Gaining attention Enhancing relevance Building confidence Generating satisfaction Lesson Plan 3

Gaining Attention Stimulus change Attitude of inquiry Humor, story Cases (text, narrative, video) Pictures Attitude of inquiry Mystery that involves students in solving problems Changing pace, format of presentation, topics Lesson Plan

Enhancing Relevance Relevance = What we perceive as instrumental in meeting our personal needs Serve personal goals As means towards a goal (promise that students will eventually see the relevance) Opportunities (leadership, group work) Familiarity (students’ experience) Personal goals: instructors can assist this recognition by providing instructional goals, or help students define their own goals Sometimes goal is difficult to see (hemostasis mechanism for surgeon)… but a promise that relevance will come is okay Sometimes what is being taught is not as important as how it is taught: students are interested in many interesting opportunities Link students’ experience with what is being taught Lesson Plan

Building Confidence Three strategies Clear expectations Provide success opportunities for students Good match Self-initiated Focus on strategy Provide appropriate amount of assistance Clear expectations: sometimes, fear of failure is simply fear of the unknown. Sometimes final task is overwhelming… progressive disclosure is a good strategy Can be success or failure experience. Failure experiences can be constructive if 1. there is a good match between the challenge and learners’ capabilities, 2. learners’ performance is self-initiated, and 3. learner attributes failure to the poor use of strategies (ex. IV fluid line insertion) Lesson Plan

Generating Satisfaction Three types of satisfaction Natural consequences: opportunities to use newly acquired skills or knowledge in meaningful ways Positive consequences: verbal praise, incentives, symbolic awards Equity: maintaining consistent standards and consequences for task achievement Natural consequences: ICD – help a patient with spontaneous pneumothorax Positive consequences: Not all topics can lend themselves to immediate applications: other positive things can be useful: praise, incentives, awards Equity: If you achieve the least in the class, but get the same praise or awards… it dim the satisfaction… the key is to set a realistic expectation at the outset. Lesson Plan

Questions & Comments Cherdsak Iramaneerat Cherdsak.ira@mahidol.ac.th มีเรื่องอื่นใดที่อาจารย์อยากรู้อีก จะเตรียมนำมาสอนในวันศุกร์บ่าย Lesson Plan