By Benjawan Janekitiworapong Christmas’s Day By Benjawan Janekitiworapong

ที่มาของโครงงาน วันคริสต์มาสเป็นวันสำคัญของคนทั่วโลกทั้งเด็กและผู้ใหญ่รู้จักเป็นอย่างดี เป็นวัฒนธรรมสากลของคนในหลาย ๆ ประเทศซึ่งรวมทั้งคนไทยด้วย เพื่อให้ทราบประวัติวันคริสต์มาส และการใช้ภาษา คำศัพท์ รูปแบบประโยค ทั้งยังรู้จักการทำงานร่วมกันกับเพื่อนในกลุ่ม จึงจัดทำโครงงานนี้ขึ้น

History of Christmas In the western world, the birthday of Jesus Christ has been celebrated on December 25th since AD 354, replacing on earlier of January6th. The Christmas had by then appropriated many pagan festivals and traditions of the season, that were practiced in many parts of the Middle East and Europe, as a means of stamping them out.   There were mid-winter festivals in ancient Babylon and Egypt, and Germanic fertility festivals also took place at this time. The birth of the ancient sun-god Attis in Phrygia was celebrated on December 25th, as was the birth of the Persian sun-god, Mithras. The Romas celebrated Saturnalia, a festival dedicated to Saturn, the god of peace and plenty, that ran from the 17th to 24th of December. Public gathering places were decorated with flowers, gifts and candles were exchanged and the population, slaves and masters alike, celebrated the occasion with great enthusiasm. In Scandinavia, a period of festivals known as Yule contributed another impetus to celebration, as opposed to spirituality. As Winter ended the growing season, the opportunity of enjoying the Summer’s bounty encouraged much feasting and merriment.

History of Christmas The Celtic culture of the British Isles revered all green plants, but particularly mistletoe and holly. These were important symbols of fertility and were used for decorating their homes and altars.   New Christmas customs appeared in the Middle Ages. The most prominent contribution was the control, which by the 14th century had become associated with the religious observance of the birth of Christ. In Italy, a tradition developed for re-enacting the birth of Christ and the construction of scenes of the nativity. This is said to have been introduced by Saint Francis as part of his efforts to bring spiritual knowledge to the Italy.

History of Christmas Saints Days have also contributed to our Christmas celebrations. A prominent figure in today’s Christmas is Saint Nicolas who for centuries has been honored on December 6th. He was one of the forerunners of Santa Claus. Another popular ritual was the burning of the Yule Log, which is strongly embedded in the pagan worship of vegetation and fire, as well as being associated with magical and spiritual powers.

History of Christmas   Celebrating Christmas has been controversial since its inception. Since numerous festivities found their roots in pagan practices, they were greatly frowned upon by conservatives within the Church. The feasting, gift-giving and frequent excesses presented a drastic contrast with the simplicity of the Nativity, and many people throughout the centuries and into the present, condemn such practices as being contrary to the true spirit of Christmas.

Vocabulary of Christmas Christmas Tree an evergreen tree (often a spruce) that people decorate with lights and ornaments at Christmas

Vocabulary of Christmas Santa Claus an imaginary being who brings presents for children on the night before Christmas Day (also known as Father Christmas) - traditionally an old man with a red suit and white beard (Santa Claus may be based in part on the historical figure of Saint Nicholas.)

Vocabulary of Christmas Holly an evergreen plant with prickly dark green leaves and red berries

Vocabulary of Christmas chimney a vertical pipe in a house that allows smoke and gases to escape from a fireplace (Father Christmas traditionally enters a house through its chimney

Bells hollow,metal thing that rings when you hit it Vocabulary of Christmas Bells hollow,metal thing that rings when you hit it

Christmas present a gift or present given at Christmas Vocabulary of Christmas Christmas present a gift or present given at Christmas

ประโยชน์ที่ได้จากการทำโครงงาน 1. ได้รู้ประวัติวันคริสต์มาส 2. ได้รู้คำศัพท์และความหมาย 3. ได้รู้จักการสืบค้นข้อมูลทางอินเทอร์เน็ต 4. รู้จักคิดวิเคราะห์ 5 ศึกษาวัฒนธรรมชาวตะวันตก 6 ได้ฝึกทักษะการทำงานร่วมกัน

อ้างอิง http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary /festivals-christmas.htm http://www.christmas day.com

The End