Fungi reproduce using spores produced in the sporangium. Spores contain the genetic material for growth of a new organism, protected by a tough coat ( หุ้ม ). The spores can remain viable for many years. They will germinate when they encounter favourable conditions, including the correct food source. Most spores are produced asexually ( การสืบพันธุ์ แบบไม่อาศัยเพศ ), but under certain circumstances fungi reproduce sexually ( การสืบพันธุ์แบบอาศัย เพศ ), allowing new strains of fungi to form.
Fungi may reproduce sexually. Note that most fungi are haploid ( มี โครโมโซมหนึ่งชุด ) organisms. The hyphae from two parents fuse producing a diploid ( มีโครโมโซมสอง ชุด ) zygospore. The zygospore produces a sporangium and produces spores. The spores produced are haploid.
The division of a cell into two identical cells is called fission ( การแบ่งตัว ). It is one means of reproduction in yeasts that is similar to bacteria. Some yeasts employ budding ( หน่อเร็ว ), in which a small outgrowth is formed on the parental cell. The bud slowly grows and eventually splits off from the parent cell. Video of Budding Yeast
Bacteria reproduce by binary fission ( การแบ่ง ออกเป็นสองส่วน ) which means ‘splitting in two’. In complex bacterial cells with paired chromosomes ( โครโมโซม ), this is achieved by mitosis ( การ แบ่งเซลล์แบบไมโทซิส ). Daughter cells ( เซลล์ของ ลูกสาว ) are identical to the parent cell
Binary fission is a quick process (sometimes taking less than 20 minutes) This means that bacteria can exploit favourable conditions very quickly. Video of Binary Fission